I-Eremurus flower (shiryash): isithombe, incazelo, ukutshala, ukunakekelwa, ubunzima basebusika

Imbali ye-eremurus ibukeka ikhangayo ekwakhiweni kwengadi futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa ngaphambi kokutshala isitshalo, kufanelekile ukutadisha izidingo zaso ezimweni.

Incazelo yesitshalo

I-Eremurus, noma i-shiryash (i-Eremurus) iyisitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside somndeni wakwaXanthorreaceae. Ine-rhizome enenyama emfushane, izinqubo zimise okwe-spindle noma ziyi-cylindrical. Isiqu sembali sisodwa, sinqunu. Amaqabunga akhuphuka ngokuqondile ezimpandeni futhi akhe i-rosette phansi kwesihlahla. Amapuleti ayisicaba, ane-linear-trihedral, afakwe engxenyeni engezansi.

I-perennial ivamile ezindaweni eziseningizimu ye-Europe, kanye nase-Central ne-Western Asia ezindaweni ezomile. Ezweni Lethu, ungahlangana nesitshalo eCrimea naseCaucasus. Imbali ihlala ezindaweni ezinelanga, ithanda inhlabathi enesihlabathi noma enesihlabathi.

Imbali ye-eremurus, kuye ngezinhlobo, ingafinyelela ku-0,5-3 m ukuphakama.

Ukuqina kwebusika kwe-eremurus

Isitshalo esingapheli sinokumelana nesithwathwa. Ezimweni ezipholile, i-eremurus ikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-28 °C. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-rhizomes esitshalo adinga ukufudumala ngokucophelela kusuka kwisithwathwa nomoya.

Iqhakaza nini i-eremurus?

I-Eremurus iletha amaqabunga amhlophe, aphuzi, apinki noma ansundu, enza ibhulashi elikhulu, ekuqaleni kwehlobo - ekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ama-perennial inflorescences made, aze afike ku-60 cm, akhombe kancane phezulu.

Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwe-eremurus sithatha cishe inyanga. Bese kwakhiwa izithelo - amabhokisi amaseli amathathu ayindilinga anendawo eshwabene noma ebushelelezi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ongakhetha kuzo?

Izithombe zezimbali ze-eremurus embhedeni wezimbali zibonisa ukuthi i-perennial imelelwa inani elikhulu lezinhlobonhlobo. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezidume kakhulu kubalimi.

Eremurus angustifolia

I-Shiryash enamacembe amancane, noma i-Bunge (Eremurus stenophyllus) - ingapheli ifike ku-1,7 m ubude. Inamahlumela alula anamandla kanye nempande emfushane eqondile enezinqubo ezifana nentambo. Amaqabunga esitshalo anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amaningi, angaba ngu-2 cm ububanzi. Ama-inflorescence anomumo we-cylindrical, aqukethe imiqumbe emincane ene-periant emise okwensimbi ebanzi.

Ama-inflorescences we-eremurus enamaqabunga amancane angafinyelela ku-80 cm ubude

U-Eremurus uyamangalisa

I-Shiryash emangalisayo, noma ummeleli (Eremurus spectabilis) ifinyelela ku-2 m ngaphezu komhlaba. Iqhakaza ngokwemibandela ephakathi, ivame ukuqhakaza ngoMeyi. Isithombe nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ze-eremurus eziphuzi zibonisa ukuthi ama-buds ezinhlobonhlobo mancane ane-stamens amade. Amaqabunga anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, anomphetho omaholoholo.

I-shiryash emangalisayo iqala ukuqhakaza okokuqala eminyakeni engu-5-8 ngemuva kokutshala

Eremurus Himalayan

I-Himalayan eremurus (Eremurus himalaicus) isatshalaliswa ngokwemvelo enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afghanistan kanye naseWestern Himalayas. Ifinyelela ku-1,8 m ngaphezu komhlaba, isiqu singenalutho, siyacwebezela, amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani okhanyayo, afinyelela ku-67 cm ubude. Lesi sitshalo sinama-inflorescence angama-cylindrical, ahlanganisa imiqumbe efinyelela ku-4 cm ububanzi enamacembe amhlophe nemicu emincane. Isikhathi sokuhlobisa siqala ngoJuni futhi sihlala kuze kube maphakathi nehlobo.

I-Himalayan Shiryash yaziwa ngesiko kusukela ngo-1881

Eremurus enamandla

I-shiryash enamandla (Eremurus robustus) – isitshalo esingafika ku-1,2 m ngaphezu komhlaba. Ikhiqiza imiqumbe eminingi emhlophe noma ekhanyayo ephinki egqamayo ngokumelene namahlamvu aluhlaza ngokumnyama. Kokubili emapuletini nasesiqwini esingenalutho sembali kukhona ukuqhakaza okuncane okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

I-eremurus enamandla ikhula ezansi kwe-Tien Shan

I-Eremurus yaseCrimea

I-Crimea eremurus (i-Eremurus tauricus) iyinhlobo ehlala njalo ekhula ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo kuphela eCrimea nakwezinye izifunda zaseTranscaucasia. Ineziqu eziqondile, ezingewona amahlamvu kanye namahlamvu amade, anomugqa obanzi afinyelela ku-60 cm. Izithombe nezincazelo ze-eremurus yaseCrimea zibonisa ukuthi lolu hlobo luletha ama-inflorescence amhlophe qhwa. I-perennial iyamelana nesomiso, ivamise ukutholakala emahlathini kaphayini nasemahlathini alula, ku-limestone kanye ne-shale.

Izimbali eCrimea Shiryash zivela ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi

Eremurus Altai

I-Altai eremurus (Eremurus altaicus) iphakama ifike ku-1,2 m ngaphezu komhlaba. Ine-rhizome ewugqinsi emfushane kanye namaqabunga e-xiphoid eyakhelwe phezulu noma e-linear-lanceolate. Ubude bamapuleti bungaba ngu-40 cm. Isitshalo siqhakaza ngama-buds aphuzi aphuzi, aqoqwe ngamabhulashi afinyelela ku-30 ​​cm ubude.

Ungathola i-Altai Shiryash e-Altai, kanye nasemazweni ase-Asia Ephakathi

Indlela yokutshala i-eremurus

Ukukhula kwe-eremurus nokuyinakekela akuhlotshaniswa nobunzima obukhulu. Emhlabathini ovulekile, lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa ekwindla - ngokuvamile kusukela ekuqaleni kuya maphakathi no-September. Esizeni esingapheli, indawo enelanga futhi evulekile enenhlabathi ekhishwe kahle ikhethiwe. Isitshalo sidinga inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi noma ene-alkaline kancane, ingabekwa endaweni enamatshe.

I-algorithm yokutshala izimbali ibukeka kanje:

1. Indawo ekhethiwe imbiwa, uma kunesidingo, yenze umbhede wezimbali ophakanyisiwe wesitshalo.
2. Imigodi ilungiswa ngokwenani lezitshalo ezifika ku-30 ​​cm ukushona.
3. Amatshe amatshe noma itshe elichotshoziwe athululelwa phansi emigodini, futhi ungqimba lwenhlabathi evundile lubekwe phezulu lusuka enhlanganisweni yesihlabathi, inhlabathi enodaka kanye nomquba.
4. Gcwalisa ngokucophelela izithombo emigodini futhi uqondise izimpande emaceleni.
5. Gcwalisa imigodi kuze kube sekugcineni bese ucindezela ngobumnene umhlabathi ngezandla zakho.
6. Khiqiza ukuchelela okuningi ngamanzi apholile.

Uma udinga ukubeka izitshalo eziningana esizeni, isikhala samahhala esingu-50 cm sishiywe phakathi kwazo.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Eremurus engadini

Ukunakekela i-eremurus yembali yengadi kulula kakhulu. Ngokutshala ngendlela efanele, isitshalo simila ngokushesha, ngokuzayo kudingekile kuphela ukusinikeza ukunakekelwa okufanele.

Ukunisela

Lesi sitshalo simelana nesomiso futhi asidingi umswakama omningi. Uma utshala i-eremurus entwasahlobo, izodinga kuphela ukuniselwa kakhulu amasonto angu-3-4 ngaphambi kokuqothula. Ngemva kokuba imbali igxilile emhlabathini, ukushuba komswakama kuyancishiswa kube kuncane. Ukunisela kwenziwa kuphela esimweni sezulu esishisayo lapho kungabi khona imvula isikhathi eside. Lapho utshala ekwindla, kuyadingeka ukuthambisa inhlabathi ngaphambi kwesimo sezulu esibandayo sokuqala.

Sebenzisa amanzi apholile asenzile ukuchelela imbali. Isetshenziswa emhlabathini lapho kungabikho ilanga elikhanyayo, ekuseni noma kusihlwa.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-eremurus

Entwasahlobo, kuvunyelwe ukondla i-eremurus ngokulungiselela okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen noma umquba obolile. Umquba uzoba nomthelela ekukhuleni kwenqwaba eluhlaza kanye nokuqhakaza okuningi okulandelayo.

Ekuqaleni kwekwindla, i-superphosphate yengezwa enhlabathini esizeni ngesilinganiso esingu-40 g nge-1 m.². Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuzoqinisa ukukhuthazela kwembali futhi kwandise ukuqina kwayo kwasebusika. Ngokuvamile, isiko alidingi umanyolo omningi - i-perennial izizwa kangcono emhlabathini ompofu.

Ukunciphisa

Imbali ayidingi ukugunda izinwele zokuhlobisa. Kodwa-ke, ehlobo kunconywa ukususa iziqu ezibunile kanye nama-buds omisiwe - lokhu kuzogcina ukukhanga kwe-perennial.

Ukuthenwa kwe-autumn kwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuphuzi kwemvelo kwamaqabunga. Amapuleti aluhlaza awakwazi ukuthintwa - aqhubeka nokondla i-rhizome yembali. Uma usika amaqabunga ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukumelana nesithwathwa kwe-perennial kuzohlupheka.

izisekelo

Izinhlobo zezimbali ezikhula kancane azidingi ukwesekwa lapho sezikhulile. Kodwa eduze kwezihlahla ezinde, kunconywa ukufaka izigxobo zokhuni zokubopha iziqu. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, i-perennial ingaphuka emoyeni onamandla.

Ungakwazi ukubopha i-eremurus ukuze usekele ucingo noma ucingo lwamapulangwe

Ubusika

I-perennial eremurus ibusika kahle ngaphandle kokukhosela ngokucophelela emgwaqeni ophakathi nendawo esifundeni saseMoscow. Lapho kuqala ikwindla, kuyadingeka kuphela ukumboza ngokuqinile izinsalela zesitshalo ngamaqabunga namagatsha e-spruce ngongqimba olungaba ngu-20 cm. Ukupholisa kuze kufike ku-30 ​​° C kulokhu ngeke kubangele noma yimuphi umonakalo embalini.

I-Eremurus eSiberia idinga indawo yokukhosela ecophelela kakhudlwana. Isakhiwo sohlaka sakhiwe phezu kombhede wezimbali futhi i-agrofiber idonswa phezu kwayo, bese i-perennial ihlanganiswa namagatsha e-coniferous. Uma ubusika kulindeleke ukuthi bubanda kakhulu, ungakwazi ukumane umbe imbali emhlabathini bese uyibeka endaweni epholile emnyama kuze kube yintwasahlobo.

Nini futhi kanjani ukufakelwa i-eremurus

Ngezikhathi ezithile, imbali esizeni idinga ukufakelwa. Cishe kanye njalo eminyakeni emine, i-perennial imbiwa ngokucophelela ikhishwe enhlabathini bese kuhlungwa ama-rhizomes. Izibonelo ezinkulu nezinempilo kunazo zonke zitshalwe emigodini ngayinye, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane zibekwe ngamaqembu amancane ezindaweni ezivamile.

I-Eremurus ingatshalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma phakathi nekwindla. Imbali kumele iphumule, kungenjalo kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuthi imile enhlabathini.

Indlela yokusabalalisa i-eremurus

Ukusabalalisa i-eremurus, izindlela ezimbili zisetshenziswa - i-vegetative ne-seed. Eyokuqala isetshenziswa kaningi, ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi ulinde ukuqhakaza ngaphambili.

Ngokuhlukana

Imbali isakazeka ngenkuthalo ngama-rosette endodakazi avela emhlabathini eduze kwesitshalo esikhulu. Izingane zitshalwa kabusha ngohlelo olulandelayo:

1. Hlukanisa ngokucophelela i-rosette encane ku-rhizome.
2. I-Shiryash iphathwa nge-ejenti ye-fungicidal kanye nesikhuthazi sokwakheka kwezimpande ukuze ifakwe ngokushesha.
3. Dlulisa isitshalo sendodakazi emgodini olungiselelwe.
4. Fafaza ngenhlabathi namanzi amaningi.

Indlela yokuhlukanisa ivame ukusetshenziswa njalo eminyakeni engu-5-6. Inqubo inconywa ukuba yenziwe ekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla, ekupheleni kokuqhakaza.

Uma izingane zingahlukani no-eremurus omdala ngokucindezela okukhanyayo, kufanelekile ukuzishiya endaweni kuze kube unyaka ozayo

Imbewu

Imbali ingasakazwa ngembewu. Ukutshala isitshalo sezithombo kuvame ukwenziwa ekwindla ekupheleni kukaSepthemba noma ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Ukuze uthole i-perennial, isitsha esifinyelela ku-12 cm ukujula sikhethwa futhi sigcwaliswe ngenhlabathi enomsoco, kodwa elula.

I-algorithm yokutshala izimbali isetshenziswa kanje:

1. Imbewu itshalwa enhlabathini emanzi ukushona kuka-1,5 cm.
2. Nisela kakhulu inhlabathi bese uvala isitsha ngokugoqa ngepulasitiki.
3. Ngokufaka umoya ojwayelekile, imbali ihluma ekushiseni okungaba ngu-15 ° C.
4. Uma kunesidingo, phinda umanzise inhlabathi.

Ukudubula kwe-eremurus kubonakala sekwephuzile - hhayi ngaphambi kwasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Izithombo ngazinye zingaqhuma iminyaka emibili. Ngokokuqala ngqa, izithombo ziyiswa emoyeni omusha ngonyaka ngemuva kokutshala, njengoba bezisabalalise izitshalo emabhodweni ngamanye. Ebusika, imbali ayisuswanga ekamelweni, kodwa imbozwe ngokucophelela ngomquba noma amagatsha e-spruce. Izitshalo eziqinisiwe zitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile kuphela emva kweminyaka emithathu.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Imbali yokuhlobisa, uma imithetho yokunakekelwa iphulwa, ingahlushwa izifo nezinambuzane ezithile. Ingozi kuye yile:

• i-aphid - inambuzane encane idla amajusi ezitshalo futhi ibambezela ukukhula kwembali;
  
  

  Kusuka kuma-aphid, ukufafaza ngamanzi anensipho kusiza kahle

• amagundane - izinambuzane zilimaza izimpande ze-eremurus futhi zibangele ukufa okusheshayo kwesitshalo;
  
  

  Ungawaqeda amagundane ngezithiyo ezinoshevu

• i-chlorosis - amaqabunga angapheli analesi sifo aphenduka aphuzi futhi aphuzi;
  
  

  I-Chlorosis ithinta i-shiryash enhlabathini empofu kakhulu enensimbi ephansi

• ukugqwala - imivimbo emnyama namachashaza akheka emapuletini esitshalo, kancane kancane okuluhlaza kuyafiphala.
  
  

  Ukugqwala ku-eremurus kwenzeka esimweni sezulu esimanzi nesifudumele

Kunconywa ukuphatha i-perennial kusuka ku-fungi ngamalungiselelo e-Fitosporin, i-Skor noma i-Topaz, kanye ne-sulphate yethusi. Ukufafaza kwenziwa ngesibonakaliso sokuqala sezifo, izitshalo ezithinteke kakhulu zivele zisuswe kusayithi.

Kungani i-eremurus ingaqhakazi

Uma i-eremurus ingalethi amabhulashi ezimbali, kuyadingeka, okokuqala, ukubala iminyaka yesitshalo. I-perennial iqala ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wesine wokuphila, kwezinye izinhlobo amaqabunga okuqala avela ngemva kweminyaka engu-6-8.

Uma i-eremurus endala ingaqhakazi, lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:

• ukungabi khona kwelanga;
• umswakama owedlulele;
• amazinga okushisa aphansi.

Kulula ukuyivuselela kabusha i-eremurus uma ingaqhakazi ngenxa yokugcwala kwamanzi enhlabathini. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa imvamisa yokunisela futhi esikhathini esizayo hhayi ukukhukhula isiko. Uma i-perennial itshalwe endaweni eneshwa futhi ingenakho ukushisa nokukhanya, okusele nje ukumba bese uyidlulisela endaweni efanelekile.

Isithombe se-eremurus ku-landscape design

Ekwakhiweni kwendawo, i-eremurus isetshenziswa kabanzi - imbali ihlobisa kakhulu, iqinile futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Engadini, ama-perennials atshalwa njengengxenye yemibhede yezimbali yobuciko, ehlanganisa namanye amasiko. Ikakhulukazi, omakhelwane abahle bembali yilaba:

• ama-roses nama-geleniums;
• i-rudbeckia;
• i-lavender;
• i-feverweed;
• iminduze kanye gladiolus;
• irises.

Ungabeka imbali endaweni enelanga nenhlabathi eyomile enamatshe. I-Perennial ayihlupheki elangeni eliqondile futhi ayilahlekelwa ukukhanya kombala.

U-Eremurus ubheka ngokuhambisana kuma-rockeries eduze kwezinhlamvu zokuhlobisa

Izinhlobo ezinde zezitshalo zivumela ukwakheka kwamaheji nemingcele engadini. Embhedeni wezimbali, isiko libekwe ngemuva ukuze lingavimbeli ezinye izitshalo ezihlala njalo.

I-Eremurus ayibuni emanzini isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukusika.

Isiphetho

Imbali ye-eremurus ayinakuzithoba, iseduze nezinye izitshalo ezihlala isikhathi eside engadini futhi ayivamisile ukuphathwa yisikhunta. Ububi obukhulu besitshalo ukukhula kancane ngemuva kokutshala.

Izibuyekezo mayelana ne-eremurus