Iziqhingi zaseSolomon ziyiqoqo leziqhingi ezinezindawo ezincane eziseningizimu-ntshonalanga yePacific Ocean. Njengoba kunenani labantu elingaphezudlwana kwengxenye yesigidi kanye nendawo ehambisanayo, akuvamile ukuthi kudingeke ukunakwa esiphakelini sezindaba. Ngonyaka owodwa nje odlule, izwe lalahlekelwa iziqhingi ezinhlanu.
Iziqhingi vs Sea Level
I-Oceania “ipharadesi” labavakashi emhlabeni. Lesi sifunda singaba indawo yokungcebeleka yomhlaba wonke, kodwa ngokusobala ayisesona isiphetho. Le ngxenye yomhlaba igcwele iziqhingi ezincane ezihlobise udedangendlale wePacific Ocean.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zeziqhingi:
1. izwekazi (izingxenye zangaphambili zezwekazi ezihlukene nezwekazi ngenxa yokunyakaza kwe-tectonic noma izikhukhula zezindawo zomhlaba ngamunye),
2. intaba-mlilo (lezi iziqongo zezintaba-mlilo eziphumela ngaphezu kwamanzi),
3. amakhorali.
Yilokho ama-coral atolls asengozini.
Ngokwezingqapheli zamazwe ngamazwe, kusukela ngo-1993 izinga lamanzi e-World Ocean belilokhu likhuphuka ngo-3,2 mm minyaka yonke. Lesi isilinganiso. Ngo-2100, izinga kulindeleke ukuthi likhuphuke ngo-0,5-2,0 m. Inkomba incane, uma ungazi ukuthi ukuphakama kweziqhingi zase-Oceania ngamamitha angu-1-3 ...
Naphezu kokwamukelwa ngo-2015 kwesivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe, ngokusho ukuthi yiziphi izifunda ezizozama ukugcina izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ezingeni lama-degree angu-1,5-2,0, lokhu kungasebenzi kakhulu.
"Izisulu" zokuqala
Ngokufika kwenkulungwane entsha yeminyaka, lezo zibikezelo ezazilotshwe ezincwadini eziphathelene nokuma kwezwe zaqala ukugcwaliseka. Kunezibonelo eziningi – ake sibheke amazwe amathathu eduze kancane.
Papua New Guinea
Kulapha lapho ngo-2006 benza okuthile okungasindisa izakhamuzi zase-Oceania. Kwezinye izimo, izigidi eziningi zabantu kuyodingeka zidlule kulokhu.
I-Kilinaailau Atoll yayinendawo engaba ngu-2 km2. Indawo ephakeme kakhulu yesiqhingi ingamamitha ayi-1,5 ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Ngokwezibalo, isiqhingi kufanele sinyamalale ngaphansi kwamanzi ngo-2015, okwenzeka. Uhulumeni wezwe uluxazulule kusenesikhathi udaba, ngaphandle kokulinda ingqungquthela. Kusukela ngo-2006, izakhamuzi zithuthelwe esiqhingini esingumakhelwane iBougainville. Abantu abangu-2600 bathole ikhaya elisha.
Kiribati
Isimo kuphela esitholakala kuwo wonke ama-hemispheres. Uhulumeni wezwe waphendukela eFiji engumakhelwane ngesithembiso sokuthenga iziqhingi eziningana ukuze kuhlaliswe izakhamuzi kabusha. Kakade cishe iziqhingi ezingu-40 sezinyamalale ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwamanzi - futhi inqubo iyaqhubeka. Cishe bonke abantu bezwe (abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane 120) namuhla bathuthela inhloko-dolobha Tarawa. Lesi yisiqephu sezwe sokugcina esikhulu lapho iKiribati iminyene khona. Futhi ulwandle luyafika...
I-Fiji ayikakakulungeli ukuthengisa umhlaba wabo, okuqondakalayo - ulwandle luyabasongela nabo. Iziphathimandla zaseKiribati zahlela ukwakha iziqhingi zokwenziwa, kodwa yayingekho imali yalokho. Futhi endaweni ethile bakha iziqhingi zokwenziwa zobuhle nezokuvakasha, kodwa hhayi ukusindiswa.
Tuvalu
Umuntu wangaphandle ngokwendawo phakathi kwamazwe omhlaba, ngaphambi kweNauru, iMonaco neVatican kuphela. Iqoqo leziqhingi litholakala kuma-atoll amancane ayishumi nambili, aguguleka kancane kancane futhi angena ngaphansi kwamagagasi aluhlaza oLwandlekazi iPacific.
Izwe ngo-2050 lingase libe izwe lokuqala elingaphansi kwamanzi emhlabeni. Kunjalo, kuzoba netshe lesakhiwo sikahulumeni - futhi sekwanele. Namuhla izwe lizama ukuthola ukuthi “lithuthele” kuphi.
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ukunyuka kwezinga lolwandle lapha kungokwesikhashana futhi kuhlobene nesayensi yokwakheka komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ucabange ngalokho okufanele ukwenze uma kwenzeka izikhukhula ziqhubeka.
Ekhulwini elisha, uhlobo olusha lwababaleki luvele - "isimo sezulu".
Kungani “Ulwandle luphakama”
Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke akugodli muntu. Kodwa uma usondela endabeni yokuphakama kwezinga lolwandle hhayi endaweni yokubuka "yomshini ophuzi" kanye nemidlalo efanayo ye-TV, kodwa phendukela kwisayensi ekhohliwe isigamu.
Impumuzo yengxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia yakhiwa phakathi nenkathi yeqhwa. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama kangakanani, kodwa ukubopha ukuhlehla kweqhwa emthelela omubi kungqimba lwe-ozone lwe-Neanderthals ngeke kusebenze.
Imijikelezo yaseMilankovitch iwukushintshashintsha kwenani lokukhanya kwelanga nemisebe efinyelela emhlabeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside. Le ncazelo isebenza njengepharamitha eyinhloko ku-paleoclimatology. Isikhundla soMhlaba esikhaleni asihlali njalo futhi kunemijikelezo eminingana yokususwa kwamaphuzu asemqoka, okuthinta imisebe etholiwe evela eLangeni. Emkhathini, yonke into inembe kakhulu, futhi ukuchezuka kwekhulu le-degree kungaholela ekuguqulweni kweplanethi ibe "ibhola leqhwa" elikhulu.
Umjikelezo omncane kunayo yonke iminyaka eyi-10 futhi uhlotshaniswa nokushintshwa kwe-perihelion.
Ngaphandle kokungena emininingwaneni, namuhla siphila esiqongweni senkathi ye-interglacial. Ngokwezibikezelo zososayensi, ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kufanele kuqale maduze nje, okuzoholela enkathini yeqhwa ngemva kweminyaka engu-50.
Futhi lapha kufanelekile ukukhumbula umphumela we-greenhouse. UMilutin Milankovich ngokwakhe wathi "isikhathi esichazayo seqhwa akuwona ubusika obubandayo, kodwa ihlobo elipholile." Kulokhu kulandela ukuthi uma ukuqoqwa kwe-CO2 ibamba ukushisa eduze kobuso boMhlaba, kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi izinkomba zokushisa zikhuphuka futhi ukwehla kuyahamba.
Ngaphandle kokucela “ukufaneleka” kwesintu ekwakhiweni kokufudumala, akufanele uhambe ngemijikelezo ngokuzishaya indiva. Kungcono ukufuna izindlela zokuphuma kule nkinga - phela "singabantu bekhulu lesi-XNUMX".
Amathemba "e-Atlantis entsha"
Kunezifundazwe ezizimele ezingaba ngu-30 nezindawo ezincike e-Oceania. Ngamunye wabo ungaphansi kwamadolobha aseMoscow ngokwezibalo zabantu futhi akuvamile ukuba anqobe umkhawulo wezakhamuzi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-100. Indawo yeziqhingi kulo lonke elase-Oceania icishe ilingane nendawo yesifunda saseMoscow. Awekho amafutha lapha. Ayikho imboni ethuthukisiwe lapha. Eqinisweni, iNingizimu Pacific iyingxenye yasekuqaleni ngokuphelele yeplanethi engakwazi ukuhambisana nomhlaba wonke futhi izama ukuzakhela umhlaba. Abomdabu baphila ngokuvumelana namasiko okhokho babo futhi baphila ukuphila okulinganiselwe njengabadobi. Ezokuvakasha kuphela ezigcina zithintana nomhlaba wonke.
Amanzi ahlanzekile ahlala eshoda - avelaphi e-atoll?
Kunomhlaba omncane kangangokuthi awekho amathuna - ukunethezeka okukhulu ukunikeza ama-2 m2 ngaphansi kwethuna. Imitha ngayinye egcwele amanzi olwandle inomthelela omkhulu kubahlali besiqhingi.
Izivumelwano eziningi eziphethwa ezingqungqutheleni ezingapheli zinenzuzo encane kakhulu. Futhi inkinga iya iba yimbi nsuku zonke. Amathemba ami kanje - emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka ngeke kube khona i-Oceania. Thanda lokhu.
Uma sibalekela i-populism nezinkulumo zokuqhosha, khona-ke singakwazi ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokuhlaliswa kabusha kwezakhamuzi zamaRiphabhulikhi anjengeTuvalu, kodwa iziqhingi ezingomakhelwane. Sekuyisikhathi eside i-Indonesia nePapua New Guinea zimemezela ukuthi zikulungele ukunikeza iziqhingi ezingahlalwa yizintaba-mlilo ukuze kuhlaliswe labo abaswele. Futhi bakwenza ngempumelelo!
Umqondo ulula:
1. Amanye amazwe esifundeni aneziqhingi ezinabantu abambalwa nezingenabantu ezingekho engcupheni yezikhukhula.
2. Izifunda ezingomakhelwane “hamba” ngaphansi kwamanzi.
3. Insimu yabiwe - futhi abantu bathola ikhaya elisha.
Nali isixazululo esiwusizo ngempela kule nkinga! Lawa mazwe sibiza ngokuthi “Umhlaba Wesithathu”, futhi asebenza kahle kakhulu ekusingatheni izinkinga.
Uma izifunda ezinkulu zisiza ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokuhlaliswa kweziqhingi okuhleliwe, khona-ke ukuhlenga okukhulu emlandweni womhlaba kungenziwa - ukuhlalisa kabusha amazwe acwilayo emazweni amasha. Iphrojekthi enkulu, kepha izosetshenziswa.
Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kanye nokukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle kuyinkinga enkulu yemvelo. Isihloko "sishiswa" ngenkuthalo ngabezindaba, okuthinta kabi isimo sisonke. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lo mbuzo wesayensi futhi kufanele usondele ngendlela efanayo - ngokwesayensi nangendlela elinganiselayo.