Idada

Incazelo

Amadada ayizinyoni ezincane kuya kweziphakathi nendawo. Izici zazo eziyinhloko ezihlukanisayo yintamo emfushane ngokuqhathaniswa netarsus, embozwe ngaphambili ngezihlangu ezinqamulelayo. Ngokuqondene nombala wezimpaphe zedada, ungahlukahluka. Izinhlobo eziningi zamadada zinohlobo "lwesibuko" ephikweni.

Kwezinye izinhlobo zamadada, i-dimorphism yezocansi ibonwa ngesikhathi sokuzala, esiziveza ngemibala ehlukene yabesilisa nabesifazane. Engxenyeni ebalulekile yezinhlobo zamadada, i-molt ivela kabili ngonyaka: ehlobo - igcwele, futhi ekwindla - ngokwengxenye.

I-mallard ingabizwa ngokhokho wedada lasekhaya. Isisindo samadoda (ama-drakes), njengomthetho, sifinyelela kumakhilogremu amathathu kuya kwamane, abesifazane bangaba nesisindo esivela kwamabili kuya kwamathathu nohhafu wamakhilogremu. Ngokwesilinganiso, idada lensikazi liletha amaqanda angama-250 ngonyaka.

Phakathi kwezinhlobo zanamuhla zamadada asekhaya, inyama, inyama neqanda, kanye nezinhlobo zamaqanda kungahlukaniswa. Inyama ifaka phakathi amabele amnyama amhlophe, iPeking, kanye ne-grey our country. Ngohlobo lwenyama namaqanda - isibuko kanye ne-khaki campbell, kanye nezinhlobo zamaqanda - abagijimi baseNdiya. Njengamanje, amadada akhuliswa eRussia, nakwamanye amazwe amaningi.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu zamadada ezaziwa njengamanje zifaka amadada okuntywila, amadada anamashelili, amadada omfula, amadada e-steamer, amadada e-muscovy, ama-mergansers, idada nezinye izinhlobo eziningi.
Ama-nuances amakhulu anaka wona ngenkathi kuzaliswa izinhlobo ezintsha zamadada ukuvuthwa kwawo kokuqala, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda, kanye nokuzuza kwesisindo esibukhoma.

Amadada enhlobo yezinhlobo zenyama yenkomo abonakala ngokuvuthwa okuphezulu nangesisindo esiphakeme kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo. Uma amadada anjalo enakekelwa kahle, cishe ezinyangeni ezimbili isisindo sawo singafinyelela amakhilogremu amabili noma ngisho amabili nohhafu.
Ukuqondiswa kwenyama neqanda kwamadada kubizwa nangokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwabasebenzisi abaningi kanye nendawo yonke.

Imvamisa, la madada atshalwa emapulazini amancane asekhaya. Ezinyangeni ezimbili, isisindo sezinkukhu ezinjalo, njengomthetho, sifinyelela ikhilogremu elilodwa nengxenye.

Izinhlobo zamaqanda amadada zinesisindo esilula, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okuphezulu.

Olunye lwemihlobo yokuzalanisa enenzuzo enkulu idada elijwayelekile elimhlophe, noma kunjalo akumele linikezwe ngokweqile ukuze lingagcwali ngamafutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, la madada azodinga ichibi elihle lamanzi egcekeni lawo.

Ukwakheka nokuqukethwe kwekhalori

• Okuqukethwe kwekhalori 405 kcal 24%
• Amaprotheni 15.8 g 20.8%
• Amafutha 38 g 67.9%
• Amanzi 45.6 g 2%

Inyama yedada iqukethe:

• Amavithamini B namavithamini A, C, E, D, K;
• Ama-Macronutrients;
• Ama-Microelements.
• Wonke amavithamini akhona kuwo, ngalinye ngendlela yalo, enza uhlobo lomsebenzi omuhle wokusebenza okujwayelekile komzimba.

Izinzuzo zenyama yedada

Ngaphezu kokunambitheka kwayo, inyama yedada nayo inezinto ezizuzisayo. Eziningi zalezi zakhiwo zivela kuwoyela wedada. Uma kudliwe ngenani elithile ekudleni, umzimba uhlanzwa ngezinto ze-carcinogenic futhi nebala liyathuthuka.

Ukuba khona kwama-enzyme emafutheni amadada kusiza ukulawula imetabolism.

Yini enye engaba inzuzo yenyama yedada? UVitamin A, otholakala ngobuningi enyameni yedada, wenza ngcono isimo sesikhumba nokusebenza kwamehlo kwamehlo.
Indlela yezokwelapha yenyama yedada iyasebenza.

Ngokubona kwabo, lo mkhiqizo umane nje udingekile ekudleni komuntu okhathele ngokomzimba noma ngokuzizwa. Ukubuyiselwa komzimba kwenzeka ngenxa yokuvuselela amasosha omzimba ngamaprotheni.

I-Pantothenic acid equkethwe isibindi sedada iqeda izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni. Ukuba khona kwenani elikhulu le-Retinol nama-amino acid kunomthelela omuhle emandleni esilisa. Zonke izici ezinhle zesibindi sedada zivela ezinyonini ezikhuliswe ekhaya, hhayi isitolo esithengiwe.

Inyama yedada lasekhaya iqukethe inani elikhulu le-betaine ne-choline, esiza ukwakha ulwelwesi lweseli. Ukuba khona kwabo emzimbeni kubalulekile. Lolu hlobo lwenyama luyasiza futhi ekushoneni kwegazi.

Kulabo abafisa ukwehlisa isisindo, ukutholakala kwenyama yedada yasekhaya ekudleni kuphakanyisiwe, kepha kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa ukwehlisa isisindo nokusetshenziswa kwenyama yedada lasendle.
Isaladi eluhlaza ngokuhlangana nenyama yedada ikhuthaza ukwenziwa ngokushesha kwezakhi zomzimba ezidingekayo emzimbeni, ukuvimbela ukuqoqwa kwamafutha.

Ukulimaza nokuphikisana

Impahla eyingozi enkulu lapho udla idada inani lamafutha angena emzimbeni, ngoba amafutha ayimithombo ye-cholesterol, enikela ekuphazanyisweni kwezinqubo zemvelo emithanjeni yegazi. Kubuye kuphikiswe kubantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abakhuluphele. Ukwehlukaniswa kwesikhumba nenyama yesidumbu kuzonciphisa kancane okuqukethwe okunamafutha, kepha ngeke kuholele kumphumela oyifunayo.

Impahla yesibili eyingozi yedada ukuqina kwayo, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukugaya, kubeke ubunzima obukhulu ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Kumuntu ophilile, lesi sici ngeke sidale inkinga, kepha kubantu abaphethwe yizifo zesibindi noma samathumbu, ukudla idada kungadala ingozi enkulu.

Lapho udla inyama yedada, izinzuzo nokulinyazwa kwalokhu kusetshenziswa kufanele kukalwe ngokusobala. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukulimala ngqo kuncike ebukhoneni bezifo ezingamahlalakhona nenani lenyama edliwayo.

Ungayikhetha kanjani idada

Ukuze ukhethe inyama “elungile”, kufanele ilandelwe le mithetho eyisisekelo elandelayo:

• inyama akumele iphunga, uma kukhona iphunga eliphikisiwe, awukwazi ukulithenga, ngoba lokhu kukhombisa ukuvela kwamagciwane nokuzala kwawo;
• lapho isikwa, inyama kufanele ibe manzi, okukhombisa ukusha kwayo, hhayi ukuthi inesikhathi sokuqala ukoma;
• ukukhetha inyama enhle, ubone ukuthi yehlukanisa kalula yini nethambo. Uma kunjalo, khona-ke indala, kungenzeka ukuthi igcinwe ngokungalungile, ingaba yingozi kakhulu;
• uma ucindezela ithenda yenyama ngeminwe yakho, kanti iminonjana izonyamalala khona manjalo, khona-ke inyama isha, kungenjalo, ibilele isikhathi eside, ayikwazi ukuthengwa;
• uma, lapho isikiwe, inyama ihambisana ngokugcwele nezici zekhwalithi, futhi ingaphezulu layo ligugile, lingenakho ukukhanya okukhanyayo, umkhiqizo onjalo akufanele ube etafuleni lokudlela;
• ngaphezu kwezimpawu zangaphandle nezangaphakathi zenyama esezingeni eliphakeme, kufanele igcinwe kahle, ezonikezwa kuphela yimishini yesiqandisi, awukwazi ukuthenga inyama ezandleni zakho, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi eshisayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ubuthi abunakugwenywa;
• kufanele uqaphele lapho uthenga imikhiqizo ekhethiwe, i-shashlik goulash nabanye, ngoba izitolo ezinkulu zisebenzisa inyama endala ukupheka, njengenyama egayiwe, inani elikhulu kakhulu lamafutha, kanye ne-cartilage, lifakwa kuyo;
• ukukhetha umkhiqizo omuhle, sicela wazi ukuthi inyama akufanele ibe nombala oluhlaza okotshani noma amabala afanayo. Le kwakuyimithetho ejwayelekile.

Nambitha izimfanelo

Inyama yedada iwuhlobo olumnyama. Ibonakala ngombala obomvu-nsundu kanye nokuqukethwe kwamafutha amaningi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinyoni, okungakuvumeli ukuthi ihlukaniswe njengemikhiqizo yokudla. Kodwa-ke, i-juiciness ekhethekile kanye nesisa senyama yedada yamzuza abalandeli abaningi emhlabeni jikelele.

Idada ngokuvamile linambitha njengezinye izinkukhu eziningi. Kepha, njengazo zonke, inokunambitheka nephunga layo elihlukile. Idada elibhakwe ngesidumbu sonke ngesigaxa esihlwabusayo limnandi kakhulu. Iphunga ledada elithile, elingathandwa yiwo wonke umuntu, lifihlwa kalula ngenxa yokugcwaliswa okuhlukahlukene okungahlanganiswa nenyoni ngaphambi kokubhaka.

Ukusha kwenyama nakho kubalulekile ekunambithekeni kwezitsha zamadada. Izinkukhu akufanele zigcinwe efrijini izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-3. Idada elisha noma elilahliwe kufanele lithengiswe zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu.

Izicelo zokupheka

Inyama yedada ithandwa kakhulu kubapheki. Idada lilungiswa ngesidumbu sonke noma lisikiwe laba yizicucu, eligcwele ukugcwaliswa okuhlukahlukene. Idada lingaba yisitsha esizimele noma lisetshenziswe njengesithako. Inyama yedada:
• kubilisiwe,
Ukucisha,
• okuthosiwe,
• bhaka,
• ichotshoziwe ibe inyama egayiwe,
• usawoti,
• eyosiwe noma ephekiwe;
• kungezwe kuma-appetizers namasaladi.

Ezitolo zokupheka zezizwe ezahlukahlukene, kunezindlela zokupheka eziningi zezitsha zamadada. Amasobho amnandi (isobho seklabishi, i-borscht, i-hodgepodge) nezifundo zesibili (ukosa, i-pilaf, isitshulu) kwenziwa ngawo. Amafutha amadada abucayi alungele ukuthosa.

Idada lihamba kahle nemifino, okusanhlamvu okuhlukahlukene, amakhowe kanye nezithelo. Amawayini namasosi amnandi namuncu asebenza kahle ngawo. Okudume kakhulu emhlabeni yidada elididiyelwe elenziwe ngama-aphula kanye nekhadi lokuvakashela ukudla kwaseChina - iPeking Duck.

Ukudada idada ekhaya

Izithako

• The main
• idada 1 isidumbu
• amanzi 2 l
• impande ye-ginger 1 ucezu
• isosi yesoya 60 ml
• irayisi uviniga 60 ml
• ukunonga izinongo ezi-5 (izinongo ezinhlanu) 1 tbsp. l.
• inkanyezi anise 2 ama-PC.
• 1 cindezela usawoti
• uju 3 tbsp. l.

Ukupheka

1. Ngakho-ke, thatha idada elisha elishubile, ugeze kahle, unwine ngethawula bese usika amanoni amaningi emsileni nasentanyeni. Beka idada eshalofini locingo nethreyi.
2. Lungiselela i-marinade. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thela amanzi epanini, engeza impande ye-ginger oqoshiwe, uju, isosi yesoya, uviniga welayisi, i-5 spice mix (iSichuan pepper, i-star anise, ama-clove, isinamoni, ne-fennel) nezinkanyezi zezinkanyezi. Letha i-marinade emathunjini bese ubilisa imizuzu embalwa.
3. Lungiselela i-marinade. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thela amanzi epanini, engeza impande ye-ginger oqoshiwe, uju, isosi yesoya, uviniga welayisi, i-5 spice mix (iSichuan pepper, i-star anise, ama-clove, isinamoni, ne-fennel) nezinkanyezi zezinkanyezi. Letha i-marinade emathunjini bese ubilisa imizuzu embalwa.
4. Scald duck ne-marinade nxazonke, isikhumba siqina kancane futhi siba mnyama.
   Scald duck ne-marinade nxazonke, isikhumba siqina kancane futhi siba mnyama.
5. Faka ibhodlela eligcwele amanzi epanini.
6. Faka idada ebhodleleni bese ufaka lesi siqandisi amahora angama-24. Uma kungekho bhodlela noma isikhala esiqandisini akuvumeli ukubeka ukwakheka okunjalo, bese ubeka idada endaweni yokubeka izintambo, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kukhona ukufinyelela okufanayo komoya kuyo yonke indawo yedada, kepha kusalokhu kume mpo isikhundla siyancomeka.
7. Faka idada ebhodleleni bese ufaka lesi siqandisi amahora angama-24. Uma kungekho bhodlela noma isikhala esiqandisini akuvumeli ukubeka ukwakheka okunjalo, bese ubeka idada endaweni yokubeka izintambo, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kukhona ukufinyelela okufanayo komoya kuyo yonke indawo yedada, kepha kusalokhu kume mpo isikhundla siyancomeka.
8. Ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokupheka, susa idada esiqandisini bese ushiya ekamelweni lokushisa. Hlangisa i-ovini iye ku-200 ° C.
9. Hlikihla idada ngosawoti nendawo, isifuba sibheke phezulu, eshalofini locingo olunethreyi. Bhaka kuze kube yithenda, ukuze isikhumba sibe bomvu, futhi ijusi, lapho ibhoboza idada, lisobala. Kungithathe amahora angu-1.5, kepha konke kuya ngesisindo sentaka ne-ovini yakho.
10. Shiya idada eliqediwe ukuze liphumule imizuzu engama-30-40. Bese usika izingcezu bese upha ama-tangerine tortillas, i-hoisin sauce, nesosi elimnandi nelomuncu laseChina. Jabulela ukudla kwakho!
    Shiya idada eliqediwe ukuze liphumule imizuzu engama-30-40. Bese usika izingcezu bese upha ama-tangerine tortillas, i-hoisin sauce, nesosi elimnandi nelomuncu laseChina. Jabulela ukudla kwakho!