Okuqukethwe
Ukubeletha: I-France ayinazo izibalo ezithembekile
Ngemva kokushona komntwana esibelethweni ngenxa yokuntula ukunakekelwa kukanina esibhedlela sokubeletha ePort-Royal, kuyamangaza ukuthola ukuthi iFrance ukuphela kwezwe laseYurophu elingenalo idatha yezibalo enembile ngalokhu kufa.
Idrama yalo mbhangqwana waseParis owashonelwa yingane ekupheleni kukaJanuwari 2013 ngemuva kokujikiswa kabili esibhedlela sababelethisayo ePort-Royal ngokusobala iphakamisa umbuzo wezinombolo zabasebenzi ezibhedlela zaseFrance kanye nokuminyana kwezibhedlela zohlobo 3 zokubeletha. iphakamisa omunye. Siyazi ukuthi i-France isuke kweyesikhombisa yaya kweyamashumi amabili e-Europe kuzinga lamazinga okufa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa aphansi kakhulu. Kuthiwani ngokufa (ukuzalwa kwengane engaphili) ? Ingabe lapha sisesimweni esibi kakhulu uma siqhathaniswa namanye amazwe aseYurophu? Nakuba kungase kuzwakale kungakholeki, akunakwenzeka ukuphendula lo mbuzo. I-France ukuphela kwezwe laseYurophu, kanye ne-Cyprus, engakwazi ukunikeza izibalo ezinembile nezibuyekeziwe mayelana nokufa kwesibeletho.
Ngo-2004: izinga eliphezulu lokuzala
Ngo-2004, saba nenani eliphakeme kakhulu labantu abazalwa beshonile e-Europe: abangu-9,1 kwabayi-1000. Ngokuka-Inserm, ngaleso sikhathi, lesi sibalo sasingachazwa ngenqubomgomo esebenzayo yokuhlolelwa izinkinga zokuzalwa kanye nokuziphatha kokuphazamiseka kwezokwelapha sekwephuzile. Njengoba kushiwo embikweni weNkantolo Yabacwaningi Bamabhuku ka-February 2012, leli zinga eliphezulu lalibonisa ukuthi ukuziphendukela kwalo phakathi neminyaka kulandelwa eduze nokuthi kwenziwe uphenyo ukuze kuqondwe umsuka walo. Ukwazi ukuhlukanisa ukufa kwe-fetus okuzenzakalelayo (njengasodabeni lwasePort Royal) kuma-IMG kuyisidingo esisobala sokuqonda igebe namanye amazwe ase-Europe, ukuze ukwazi ukuhlonza umsuka walokhu kufa futhi kukuvimbele kangcono. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi lo mehluko awuzange wenzeke kusukela ngo-2004, izibalo azisekho. "IFrance ayisakwazi ukukhiqiza inkomba ethembekile yezingane ezizalwe ngaphandle kokuphila", kubhala iNkantolo Yabacwaningi Bamabhuku embikweni wayo. Izibalo zakamuva ezinikezwe idethi ye-Iserm kusukela ngo-2010 kanye nezinga lokuzala kuthiwa liyi-10 kwabayi-1000 abazalwa, okungesinye samazinga aphezulu e-European Union. Kodwa ngokushesha i-Inserm ithi: “Nokho, izinga lokuzala umntwana oshonile nokuziphendukela kwemvelo akukwazi ukulinganiswa ngokunemba, ngoba usayizi wesampula elisetshenziswe kule nhlolovo awuzifanelekeli izenzakalo ezinalezi zikhathi.”
Umthetho wango-2008 wabulala iqoqo le-epidemiological
Kungani lokhu kunyamalala kwezibalo ezinembayo kube ngokunembile, idatha enemininingwane eminingi ye-epidemiological bekulindeleke kusukela ngo-2004? Ngoba ngo-2008 isimemezelo sashintsha izindlela zokubhalisa esimweni somphakathi sezingane ezizalwe ngaphandle kokuphila.. Ngaphambi kuka-2008, ngokwezincomo ze-WHO, zonke izingane ezizalwayo ngemva kwamasonto angama-22 zokukhulelwa noma ezinesisindo esingaphezu kwamagremu angu-500 kwakufanele zibhaliswe kumarejista afakwe ehholo ledolobha. Kodwa ngo-2008, lapho imindeni emithathu ifaka isikhalazo sokuthi ikwazi ukubhalisa ingane yayo eshonile ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi somnqamulajuqu, iNkantolo yeCassation yakhipha isinqumo esivunayo. Futhi isimemezelo sishintsha yonke into: abazali bangakwazi ukubhalisa ingane yabo esimweni somphakathi kungakhathaliseki ubudala bayo bokukhulelwa (futhi ngaphandle kokuthi le minyaka yokukhulelwa icacisiwe) noma bangayibhalisi nhlobo. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuphela kokuqoqwa kwezibalo zokuzalwa koshonile (okuthinta kuphela izingane ezisandakuzalwa emasontweni angama-22) futhi kuchaza lokhu kunemba okuphoxekile kongoti bezifo eziwumshayabhuqe emqulwini ovela ku-Inserm yangomhla ziyi-11 kuZibandlela wezi-2008: “Ngeshwa, izinguquko zakamuva zemithetho kanye nokuhunyushwa kwemibhalo yangaphambilini ehlobene ukubhaliswa kwabantwana abazalwa beshonile ngo-2008 kufanele kukhawulele umthamo wethu wokuhlaziya. Ngeke kusenzeka ukubala isilinganiso sokuzalwa eshonile ngokwencazelo eqinile, ngakho-ke ukuqhathanisa idatha yesiFulentshi nenye idatha yaseYurophu etholakalayo ”. Njengoba kwakungenakwenzeka ukuthi iFrance iqhubeke nokuzihlukanisa ngalokhu kuntuleka kwezibalo, indlela entsha yokubhalisa yaqala ukusebenza ekuqaleni kuka-2013. Izibhedlela nemitholampilo izobhekelela ukubhaliswa kwabantwana abazalwa beshonile ngemva kwamasonto angama-22 ekhulelwe, njengoba kwenziwa isimo somphakathi ngaphambi kuka-2008. Ongoti bezifo eziwumshayabhuqe manje sebetshela izisebenzi zezempilo ukuthi zidlale lo mdlalo.