Okuqukethwe
Ukusika ama-roses ebhodleleni kuyindlela enhle yokuthola izinto zokutshala zesitshalo ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo. Womabili ama-roses asikiwe esixha kanye namahlumela amasha atholakala ngemuva kokuthena lesi sitshalo angashintshwa abe izithombo ezinohlelo lwezimpande oluqinile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umlimi uzodinga ubuncane bezinto: ibhodlela elikhulu, ummese, isihlabathi namagatsha ama-rose amasha. Isiqinisekiso somphumela omuhle kule ndlela yokuzalanisa, ngokuya ngemithetho ye-agrotechnical, singaphezu kwama-80%.
Isikhathi sokusika
Ungatshala ama-roses ngaphansi kwebhodlela ngezikhathi ezihlukene, nakuba ngokuvamile lesi sikhathi siwela ehlobo noma ekwindla. Imigomo elandelayo yokuxhunyelelwa yamukelwa ngokuvamile:
- Ngo-March-April - batshala amahlumela ama-roses avela ezinhlobonhlobo;
- Juni-Julayi - izinhlobo ezitshalwe endaweni evulekile ziyasikwa;
- Okthoba-Novemba - tshala amahlumela ezimbali ezitholwe ngemuva kokuthena izihlahla ezindala.
Ngokuvamile, umsebenzi wokusabalalisa ama-roses ngokusikwa kwenziwa ehlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yokuhluma noma ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza okungapheli. Kungalesi sigaba sokuthuthuka lapho ihlathi ligcwele amandla futhi umlimi unethuba lokukhetha izibonelo ezinhle kakhulu zokwakha isitshalo esisha.
Inqubo kufanele yenziwe esimweni sezulu esipholile esiguqubele. Kungcono uma izinga lokushisa lomoya ngaphandle licishe libe ngu-+23 ° С.
Yiziphi ama-roses ezisikiwe
Nakuba ukusika ebhodleleni kubhekwa njengendlela ephumelelayo yokuthola impahla yekhwalithi yokutshala i-rose, akuzona zonke izitshalo ezingasakazwa ngale ndlela. Amathuba amaningi okumila akhona ezinhlotsheni zesiko elinjenge-miniature ne-polyanthus (noma yikuphi ukuhlukahluka kuzokwenza). Futhi, ama-roses amaningi akhuphuka kancane kanye nalawo akhuphukayo, aseqenjini le-Rambler, abolekisa kahle ekusikeni.
Ungazama izinhlobo zekhava yomhlabathi ebhodleleni, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-floribunda, njenge-Iceberg (Iceberg) noma i-Roselin (i-Roselina). Ngokuqondene nokusikwa kwezinhlobo zetiye ezihlanganisiwe, umsebenzi onjalo cishe awulethi imiphumela. Kulokhu, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinconywa ukuthi zisakazwe ngokuxhunyelelwa. Ngenkathi ukusika kwetiye elihlanganisiwe kungaveza ukukhula okuhle kwezimpande, zizokhula kancane futhi cishe zife ekugcineni.
Inzuzo ye-autumn cuttings
Ukusika ama-roses ebhodleleni kunezinzuzo eziningana uma kuqhathaniswa nokuxhunyelelwa. Okokuqala, izitshalo ezitshalwe ngale ndlela azenzi ihlumela elikhulu lezimpande, futhi lokhu kwenza ukunakekelwa kwazo kube lula. Okwesibili, kulula kakhulu ukuthola izinto zokutshala zokusikwa, futhi ukusikwa kungathathwa hhayi kuphela engadini, kodwa nakunoma iyiphi imbali evela esixha sezimbali esiveziwe. Okwesithathu, ama-roses asakazwa ngale ndlela abekezelela amakhaza kangcono kakhulu, futhi noma ingxenye yawo yasemoyeni iba yiqhwa phakathi nobusika, lesi sitshalo sisazolulama efihlekile entwasahlobo.
Indlela yokutshala i-rose ngaphansi kwebhodlela lepulasitiki
Ukukhulisa ama-roses emabhodleleni epulasitiki kwenziwa abalimi abaningi. Le ndlela ayiyona inkimbinkimbi ikakhulukazi, iyathengeka, ayidingi izindleko eziningi zomzimba nezezimali. Ngisho nomlimi osanda kufunda angakwenza. Into esemqoka ukuzijwayeza yonke imithetho yayo ngaphambi kokwenza inqubo, kanye nendlela yokulungisa inhlabathi neziqukathi zokusika futhi uvune izinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Ngemuva kokutshala, izithombo zidinga ukwenza ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo (ukuchelela, ukufaka umoya), bese uzidlulisela endaweni evulekile ngesikhathi.
Ukulungiselela cuttings
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusika ama-roses emabhodleleni, udinga ukukhetha izinto ezifanele. Kungcono uma lezi zingamahlumela amasha aneziqalo zama-buds, lezo zingxenye zazo ezitholakala phansi.
Ukuvuna kunconywa ekuseni, kuyilapho isihlahla se-rose sigcwele umswakama, futhi sisusa ama-cuttings ngokushesha ngemva kokusika ukuze angabi naso isikhathi sokumisa.
Kwenze kanje:
- Sika ama-cuttings ngommese ocijile one-disinfected nge-engeli. Ubude bento ngayinye kufanele bube ngu-15 cm. Ukuba khona kwamanodi amaqabunga amathathu esiqwini nakho kubalulekile.
- Hlanza i-material kusuka kuma-spikes namapuleti eshidi.
- Gcoba ama-cuttings kwisisombululo se-Kornevin, uju noma ijusi ye-aloe.
Ukulungiswa kwebhodlela
Amabhodlela akhethwe njengomthamo wokusika nawo adinga ukulungiswa:
- Susa amalebula bese ugeza kahle ngamanzi ahlanzekile.
- Yenza izimbobo phansi ukuze ukhiphe amanzi amaningi.
- Sika ibhodlela ngaphesheya, kodwa hhayi ngokuphelele ukuze ukwazi ukugoba phezulu, bese ulibuyisela endaweni yalo yokuqala.
Ukulungiswa Kwenhlabathi
Njenge-substrate lapho ukusika kuzohluma khona, abalimi bezimbali bavame ukusebenzisa isihlabathi, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi balungisa ingxube yaso, kanye neqabunga nomhlabathi we-sod ngesilinganiso se-2: 1: 2. Okulandelayo, inhlabathi ithululelwa. ibhodlela elinongqimba olungaba ngu-8 cm, isihlabathi esinamaqabunga noma i-peat engu-3-4 cm sibekwe phezulu futhi i-substrate ibulawa amagciwane ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate.
Imithetho yokutshala ama-roses ngaphansi kwebhodlela
Lapho inhlabathi, iziqukathi kanye nama-cuttings ngokwawo kulungiswa, kufika isikhathi sokutshala kwabo ngqo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kunconywa ukuthi wehlise ingxenye engezansi yento emalahleni bese uyitshala ku-substrate nge-engeli (i-engeli engu-45 degrees) ukuze ukuphela kwayo kucwiliswe ngokuphelele emhlabathini.
Okulandelayo, izithombo kufanele iniselwe futhi isitsha sivalwe. Uma kunezimbobo emgqeni wokusikwa kwebhodlela, khona-ke ingavalwa nge-adhesive tape. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungakuhle ukuthi ubeke ama-mini-greenhouses ngaphansi kwesihlahla noma isihlahla esiminyene, ukuze ukukhanya kwelanga kungaweli phezu kwabo.
Ukusika ama-roses ebhodleleni ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokushesha, ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15. Lokhu kungabonakala ngezindonga ezisobala zesitsha.
Indlela yokunakekela ama-rose cuttings ngaphansi kwebhodlela
Ukuze ukusika kuphumelele, umuntu akumelwe akhohlwe ukunakekela kahle izithombo. Ama-roses ngaphansi kwebhodlela kufanele avulwe ukuze kukhishwe umoya, oswakanyiswe njalo, aqaphe izinga lokushisa.
Ukunisela kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe njengoba kudingeka futhi ukomiswa kwenhlabathi. Sebenzisa lokhu udinga amanzi alungisiwe ekamelweni lokushisa. Yenza inqubo ngokucophelela, ngaphansi kwempande, ugweme ukuguguleka kwe-substrate.
Ama-rose cuttings kufanele asakazwe nsuku zonke. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukususa i-cap ebhodleleni imizuzu engu-15-20, ngaleyo ndlela wenze kube nokwenzeka ukuba umoya ungene ngaphakathi "kwe-greenhouse".
Lapho nje izithombo sezimila, ngemuva kwesigamu senyanga, amabhodlela avulwa ngokuphelele, futhi ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa angcwatshwa emhlabathini endaweni yokusika, kufanele ambozwe ngefilimu noma esinye isembozo. impahla ebusika. Futhi, iziqukathi zingasuswa ku-greenhouse engadini noma ku-greenhouse, okuzonikeza isiqinisekiso esihle sokugcina impahla kanye nokwakha uhlelo lwezimpande oluthembekile. Uma izimo zezulu endaweni ekhulayo zinzima, khona-ke kungcono ukususa amabhodlela nge-cuttings ebusika endaweni engaphansi noma engaphansi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi kuwo ayomi.
Ngokufika kwentwasahlobo nokushisa okuzinzile, indawo yokukhosela e-roses iqala ukususwa kancane kancane. Lokhu kuzosiza ama-cuttings aqine futhi avimbele ukushisa ngokweqile. Ekupheleni kukaMeyi, ekuqaleni kukaJuni, ama-roses avuleka ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufika isikhathi sokufakelwa kwabo endaweni ehlala njalo.
Isiphetho
Ukusika ama-roses ebhodleleni cishe akufani nendlela yendabuko eyenziwa esizeni. Kodwa unenzuzo eyodwa enkulu - indlela inikeza iphesenti eliphezulu lokuqothula kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Akunzima ikakhulukazi ukwenza umsebenzi, futhi uma wenza konke ngokusho kwemiyalelo, ngenxa yalokho ungathola isithombo esihle sezimbali ezinhle kakhulu nezivamile emhlabeni.