Inani lokudla okunempilo kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali.
| Umsoco | Ubuningi | Okujwayelekile ** | % kokujwayelekile ku-100 g | % kokujwayelekile ku-100 kcal | 100% ejwayelekile |
| Inani lekhalori | I-140 kCal | I-1684 kCal | 8.3% | 5.9% | 1203 g |
| Amaprotheni | 17.3 g | 76 g | 22.8% | 16.3% | 439 g |
| Amafutha | 7.9 g | 56 g | 14.1% | 10.1% | 709 g |
| Water | 73.3 g | 2273 g | 3.2% | 2.3% | 3101 g |
| Ash | 1.5 g | ~ | |||
| Vitamins | |||||
| Uvithamini A, RE | 15 µg | 900 µg | 1.7% | 1.2% | 6000 g |
| I-Retinol | I-0.015 mg | ~ | |||
| Uvithamini B1, thiamine | I-0.14 mg | I-1.5 mg | 9.3% | 6.6% | 1071 g |
| Uvithamini B2, riboflavin | I-0.15 mg | I-1.8 mg | 8.3% | 5.9% | 1200 g |
| Uvithamini B6, pyridoxine | I-0.12 mg | I-2 mg | 6% | 4.3% | 1667 g |
| Uvithamini B9, folate | 6 µg | 400 µg | 1.5% | 1.1% | 6667 g |
| Uvithamini B12, cobalamin | 1.2 µg | 3 µg | 40% | 28.6% | 250 g |
| Uvithamini C, ascorbic | I-1 mg | I-90 mg | 1.1% | 0.8% | 9000 g |
| Uvithamini D, calciferol | 2.8 µg | 10 µg | 28% | 20% | 357 g |
| Uvithamini E, i-alpha tocopherol, TE | I-1 mg | I-15 mg | 6.7% | 4.8% | 1500 g |
| Uvithamini PP, NE | I-5 mg | I-20 mg | 25% | 17.9% | 400 g |
| niacin | I-2 mg | ~ | |||
| AmaMacronutrients | |||||
| I-Potassium, uK | I-335 mg | I-2500 mg | 13.4% | 9.6% | 746 g |
| ICalcium, Ca | I-30 mg | I-1000 mg | 3% | 2.1% | 3333 g |
| I-Magnesium, Mg | I-35 mg | I-400 mg | 8.8% | 6.3% | 1143 g |
| I-Sodium, Na | I-100 mg | I-1300 mg | 7.7% | 5.5% | 1300 g |
| Isibabule, S | I-190 mg | I-1000 mg | 19% | 13.6% | 526 g |
| IPhosphorus, uP | I-220 mg | I-800 mg | 27.5% | 19.6% | 364 g |
| Iklorini, Cl | I-165 mg | I-2300 mg | 7.2% | 5.1% | 1394 g |
| Landelela Izinto | |||||
| Insimbi, Fe | I-0.63 mg | I-18 mg | 3.5% | 2.5% | 2857 g |
| Iodine, mina | 50 µg | 150 µg | 33.3% | 23.8% | 300 g |
| ICobalt, Co | 20 µg | 10 µg | 200% | 142.9% | 50 g |
| I-Manganese, Mn | I-0.05 mg | I-2 mg | 2.5% | 1.8% | 4000 g |
| Ithusi, Cu | 110 µg | 1000 µg | 11% | 7.9% | 909 g |
| IMolybdenum, Mo. | 4 µg | 70 µg | 5.7% | 4.1% | 1750 g |
| UNickel, uNi | 6 µg | ~ | |||
| I-fluorine, uF | 430 µg | 4000 µg | 10.8% | 7.7% | 930 g |
| I-Chrome, Cr | 55 µg | 50 µg | 110% | 78.6% | 91 g |
| Zinc, Zn | I-0.7 mg | I-12 mg | 5.8% | 4.1% | 1714 g |
| AmaSterols | |||||
| Cholesterol | I-58 mg | ubukhulu obungama-300 mg | |||
| Ama-acids anelisiwe | |||||
| Ama-acids anelisiwe | 0.6 g | ubuningi be-18.7 г |
Inani lamandla lingu-140 kcal.
- Vitamin B12 idlala indima ebalulekile ekuguqulweni komzimba nasekuguqulweni kwama-amino acid. I-Folate ne-vitamin B12 ngamavithamini ahlobene futhi ayabandakanyeka ekwakhekeni kwegazi. Ukuntuleka kukavithamini B12 kuholela ekwandeni kokushoda okuyingxenye noma kwesibili kwe-folate, kanye ne-anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
- Vitamin D igcina i-homeostasis ye-calcium ne-phosphorus, yenza izinqubo zamathambo amaminerali. Ukuntuleka kukavithamini D kuholela ekuthini umzimba ungasebenzi kahle we-calcium ne-phosphorus emathanjeni, kukhuphule ukwehliswa kwamathambo ngamathambo, okuholela engcupheni yokwanda kwamathambo.
- Uvithamini PP ubamba iqhaza ekuphenduleni kwe-redox ye-metabolism yamandla. Ukudla okwanele kwamavithamini kuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwesimo esijwayelekile sesikhumba, umgudu wamathumbu kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa.
- i-potassium i-ion eyinhloko ye-intracellular ebamba iqhaza ekulawuleni ibhalansi yamanzi, i-acid ne-electrolyte, ibamba iqhaza ezinkambisweni zemizwa yezinzwa, ukulawulwa kwengcindezi.
- phosphorus ibamba iqhaza ezinqubweni eziningi zomzimba, kufaka phakathi amandla emetabolism, ilawula ibhalansi ye-acid-base, iyingxenye ye-phospholipids, i-nucleotide kanye ne-nucleic acid, iyadingeka ekwenzeni i-mineralization yamathambo namazinyo. Ukushoda kuholela ku-anorexia, i-anemia, ama-rickets.
- I-iodine ubamba iqhaza ekusebenzeni kwendlala yegilo, ukuhlinzeka ngokwakhiwa kwamahomoni (i-thyroxine ne-triiodothyronine). Kuyadingeka ekukhuleni nasekuhlukanisweni kwamaseli azo zonke izicubu zomzimba womuntu, ukuphefumula kwe-mitochondrial, ukulawulwa kwe-transmembrane sodium ne-hormone transport. Ukudla okunganele kuholela ekuziphatheni okwedlulele nge-hypothyroidism kanye nokwehla komzimba, i-arterial hypotension, ukukhubazeka kokukhula nokukhula kwengqondo ezinganeni.
- Cobalt iyingxenye kavithamini B12. Yenza kusebenze ama-enzyme we-fatty acid metabolism kanye ne-folic acid metabolism.
- Copper kuyingxenye yama-enzyme anomsebenzi we-redox futhi obandakanyeka ku-metabolism yensimbi, kuvusa ukumuncwa kwamaprotheni nama-carbohydrate. Ubamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni zokuhlinzeka izicubu zomzimba womuntu nge-oxygen. Ukushoda kubonakaliswa yizinkinga ekubunjweni kohlelo lwe-cardiovascular and skeleton, ukuthuthukiswa kwezicubu zomzimba ezixhuma i-dysplasia.
- Chrome ubamba iqhaza ekulawuleni amazinga eglucose egazi, okwenza ngcono umphumela we-insulin. Ukuntuleka kuholela ekunciphiseni ukubekezelelana kwe-glucose.
Inani lamandla, noma okuqukethwe kwekhalori Ingabe inani lamandla akhishwa emzimbeni womuntu ekudleni ngesikhathi sokugaya. Inani lamandla omkhiqizo likalwa ngama-kilocalories (kcal) noma ama-kilojoules (kJ) ngamagremu ayi-100. umkhiqizo. I-kilocalorie esetshenziswa ukukala inani lamandla okudla ibizwa nangokuthi “ikhalori yokudla,” ngakho-ke isiqalo sekhilo sivamise ukushiywa lapho kucaciswa amakholori ku-(kilo) kilojoule. Ungabona amathebula amaningi wamandla wemikhiqizo yesiRashiya.
Inani lokudla okunempilo - okuqukethwe kwama-carbohydrate, amafutha namaprotheni kumkhiqizo.
Inani lokudla okunempilo komkhiqizo wokudla - iqoqo lezinto zomkhiqizo wokudla, lapho izidingo zomzimba zomuntu zezinto ezidingekayo namandla zineliseka khona.
Vitamins, izinto eziphilayo ezidingekayo ngamanani amancane ekudleni kwabantu kanye nama-vertebrate amaningi. Amavithamini ngokuvamile ahlanganiswa yizitshalo kunezilwane. Isidingo somuntu sansuku zonke samavithamini singama-milligram ambalwa noma ama-micrograms ambalwa. Ngokungafani nezinto ezingaphili, amavithamini abhujiswa ukushisa okunamandla. Amavithamini amaningi awazinzile futhi "alahlekile" ngesikhathi sokupheka noma sokudla.