I-aortic valve (esuka egameni elithi aorta, elivela kwele Greek aortê, elisho umthambo omkhulu), ebizwa nangokuthi i-semilunar noma i-sigmoid valve, iyi-valve etholakala ezingeni lenhliziyo futhi ihlukanisa i-ventricle yangakwesokunxele ne-aorta.

Indawo ye-aortic valve. I-aortic valve isezingeni lenhliziyo. Lesi sakamuva sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili, kwesobunxele nangakwesokudla, ngayinye ine-ventricle ne-atrium. Kulezi zakhiwo kuvela imithambo ehlukahlukene nemithambo kubandakanya ne-aorta. I-aortic valve ibekwe lapho kudabuka khona i-aorta ezingeni le-ventricle engakwesokunxele. (1)

Ukwakheka. I-aortic valve iyi-valve enezindishi ezintathu (2), okusho ukuthi inamaphuzu amathathu. Lezi zamuva zakhiwa yi-lamina nezibaya ze-endocardium, ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo. Kunamathiselwe odongeni lwemithambo, ngalinye lalawa maphuzu akha i-valve esime njengengxenye yenyanga.

Indlela yegazi. Igazi lizungeza ohlangothini olulodwa lingene enhliziyweni nasesimisweni segazi. I-atrium yesobunxele ithola igazi elicebile oksijini emithanjeni yamaphaphu. Leli gazi bese lidlula kwi-mitral valve ukufinyelela i-ventricle yangakwesokunxele. Ngaphakathi kokugcina, igazi bese lidlula ku-aortic valve ukufinyelela i-aorta futhi lisatshalaliswe emzimbeni wonke (1).

Ukuvula / ukuvala i-valve. Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwe-aortic valve kuncike kokwehluka kwengcindezi phakathi kwe-ventricle engakwesokunxele ne-aorta (3). Lapho i-ventricle yangakwesokunxele igcwele igazi elivela e-atrium yesobunxele, izinkontileka ze-ventricle. Ingcindezi engaphakathi kwe-ventricle iyanda futhi idala ukuthi kuvuleke i-aortic valve. Igazi lizobe ligcwalisa ama-valve, kube nomphumela wokuvala i-valve ye-aortic.

I-anti-reflux yegazi. Ukudlala indima ebalulekile ekudlulisweni kwegazi, i-aortic valve futhi ivimbela ukubuyela emuva kwegazi kusuka ku-aorta kuye ku-ventricle engakwesokunxele (1).

I-Valvulopathie. Ibeka zonke izifo ezithinta ama-valve enhliziyo. Inkambo yalezi zifo ingaholela ekuguqulweni kwesakhiwo senhliziyo ngokunwebeka kwe-atrium noma i-ventricle. Izimpawu zalezi zimo zingafaka ukukhononda kwenhliziyo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, noma ukungakhululeki (4).

• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-aortic. Sibizwa nangokuthi ukuvuza kwe-valve, lesi sifo se-valve sihambelana nokuvalwa okungafanele kwe-aortic valve okwenza igazi lihlehle emuva liye ku-ventricle engakwesokunxele. Izimbangela zalesi simo ziyahlukahluka futhi zingafaka ukonakala okuhlobene nobudala, ukutheleleka noma i-endocarditis.
• I-aortic stenosis. Ebizwa nangokuthi i-aortic valve narrowing, lesi sifo se-valve singesinye esivame kakhulu kubantu abadala. Ihambisana nokuvulwa okunganele kwe-aortic valve, okuvimbela igazi ekujikelezeni kahle. Izimbangela zingahlukahluka njengokuwohloka okuhlobene nobudala, ukutheleleka noma i-endocarditis.

Ukwelashwa. Ngokuya ngesifo se-valve kanye nokuqhubekela phambili kwaso, kungabekwa imishanguzo ehlukene, ngokwesibonelo ukuvimbela izifo ezithile ezifana ne-infectous endocarditis. Lezi zindlela zokwelashwa zingacaciswa futhi zihloselwe izifo ezihambisanayo (5).

Ukwelapha okuhlinzwa. Esikhathini sesifo se-valve esithuthuke kakhulu, ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwenziwa njalo. Ukwelashwa kungaba ukulungiswa kwe-aortic valve noma ukufaka esikhundleni nokubekwa kwe-valve yokufakelwa yemishini noma ye-biological (bio-prosthesis) (4).

Ukuhlolwa komzimba. Okokuqala, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ikakhulukazi nokuhlola izimpawu ezibonwa yisiguli njengokuphefumula okuncane noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging yezokwelapha. I-ultrasound yenhliziyo, noma i-doppler ultrasound ingenziwa. Zingangezelelwa yi-coronary angiography, i-CT scan, noma i-MRI.

I-Electrocardiogramme d'effort. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba.

UCharles A. Hufnagel, udokotela ohlinzayo waseMelika wekhulu lama-20, waba ngowokuqala ukusungula i-valve yenhliziyo yokufakelwa. Ngo-1952, wafaka, esigulini esasiphelelwa amandla i-aortic, i-valve yokufakelwa eyakhiwa ngekheji lensimbi nebhola le-silicone elibekwe maphakathi nayo (6).