I-Anostomus: incazelo, ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa ku-aquarium, ukuhambisana

U-Anostomus vulgaris ungowomndeni wakwa-Anostomidae futhi ungowohlobo oluvame kakhulu kulo mndeni. Cishe eminyakeni engu-50 edlule, lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi zase-aquarium lwavela nathi, kodwa ngokushesha bonke abantu bafa.

Incazelo yokubukeka

I-headstandard enemigqa iyi-anostomus efanayo evamile. Kulolu hlobo, i-peach ephaphathekile noma umbala opinki womzimba uphawuleka ngokuba khona kwemigqa emide yomthunzi omnyama nhlangothi zombili. Kuma-abramiti ungabona imigqa ensundu engalingani. I-Aquarium anostomuses ikhula ibe ngu-15 cm ubude, ayisekho, nakuba ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ikwazi ukufinyelela ubude obungama-25 cm.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! I-Anostomus vulgaris ifana ne-Anostomus ternetzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingahlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwe-tint ebomvu lapho ama-fins apendwe khona.

Ikhanda lenhlanzi lide kancane futhi liyisicaba, kuyilapho umhlathi ongezansi umude kancane kunowongenhla, ngakho umlomo wezinhlanzi ugobele kancane ubheke phezulu. Izindebe ze-anostomus zishwabene futhi zizinkulu kancane. Abesilisa mancane kunabesifazane.

izindawo zemvelo

Inhlanzi ye-anostomus ingummeleli ovelele waseNingizimu Melika, kuhlanganise nezigodi zase-Amazon kanye ne-Orinoco, kanye nezindawo zamazwe afana neBrazil, iVenezuela, iColombia nePeru. Ngamanye amazwi, iyinhlanzi yase-aquarium ethanda ukushisa.

Izindawo zabo ezizithandayo zingamanzi angashoni anemisinga esheshayo. Njengomthetho, lezi yizindawo zezindawo zamanzi ezinamadwala phansi, kanye nogu olunamadwala namadwala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlangana nenhlanzi ezindaweni eziyisicaba, lapho umsinga ubuthakathaka khona.

Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa ku-aquarium

Izimo zokugcina i-anostomus emanzini ziyancishiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-aquarium ivulekile futhi itshalwe ngokuminyene ngezimila zasemanzini. Ngokuntuleka kwezimila, izinhlanzi zizodla zonke izitshalo ze-aquarium. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi kubhekwe ukweqisa kwe-algae. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla okuvela ezitshalweni kufanele kufakwe ekudleni.

Kuyafiseleka ukuthi izimila ezintantayo zibe khona phezu kwamanzi. Lezi zinhlanzi zichitha isikhathi sazo esiningi emanzini angaphansi naphakathi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlelo lokuhlunga kanye nesistimu yokungenisa umoya emanzini kusebenze ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzodingeka ushintshe ingxenye yesine yamanzi kanye ngesonto. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zizwela kakhulu ekuhlanzekeni kwamanzi.

Ukulungisa i-aquarium

Lapho ulungiselela i-aquarium ngaphambi kokulungisa ama-anostomuses kuyo, kufanele unake izici eziningi. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Noma iyiphi i-aquarium kuzodingeka imbozwe ngesivalo esiqinile phezulu.
• Inhlanzi eyodwa, kufanele ube nesikhala samahhala, esingafika kumalitha ayi-100 okungenani. Umhlambi wezinhlanzi ezi-5-6 udinga umthamo ongafika kumalitha angama-500 futhi ungabi ngaphansi.
• I-acidity yamanzi e-aquarium kufanele ibe ngokulandelana kwe-pH = 5-7.
• Ukuqina kwamanzi e-aquarium kufanele kube ku-dH = kufika ku-18.
• Kudingeka isistimu yokuhlunga neyokungenisa umoya.
• Kuyadingeka ukucabanga ngobukhona bamanje ku-aquarium.
• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi lingama-24-28 degrees.
• Ukukhanya okukhanyayo ngokwanele.
• Ukuba khona ku-aquarium ye-roy-sandy bottom.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula! I-aquarium kufanele iklanywe kahle. Ukuze uyigcwalise, ungasebenzisa i-driftwood, amatshe ahlukahlukene, ukuhlobisa okwenziwayo, njll. Nokho, akufanele bagcwalise yonke indawo kakhulu.

Lezi zinhlanzi zidinga kakhulu izinga lamanzi, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqapha njalo izinga layo. Njengezitshalo zasemanzini, kungcono ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga aqinile, njenge-anubias ne-bolbitis.

Ukudla kanye nokudla

I-Anostomus ibhekwa njengezinhlanzi ze-omnivorous, ngakho-ke ukudla kwazo kungaba nokudla okomile, okufriziwe noma okuphilayo. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukunamathela ezilinganisweni ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Cishe u-60% kufanele kube yizinto zokudla ezivela ezilwaneni.
• U-40% osele uwukudla kwezitshalo.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, isisekelo sokudla kwe-anostomus yizimila, izinhlanzi ezisusa phezu kwamatshe, kanye nezilwane ezincane ezingenamgogodla. Ezimweni ze-aquarium, lezi zinhlanzi eziyingqayizivele zithanda ukudla kwezilwane ngendlela ye-tubifex. Naphezu kwezintandokazi ezinjalo, i-anostomus idla izikelemu zegazi, i-coretra ne-cyclops. Isisekelo sokudla kwemifino ama-flakes ashiswe nge-ulethisi, kanye nesipinashi, agcinwa efrijini. Imvamisa yokondla inhlanzi yabantu abadala ayikho ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezi-1 noma ezi-2 ngosuku.

Ukuhambisana nokuziphatha

I-Anostomus yizinhlanzi zase-aquarium ezingabonisi ulaka. Bakhetha ukuhola umhlambi wempilo futhi basheshe bajwayelane nezimo ezintsha zokuphila, kubandakanya nezimo ze-aquariums. Njengoba lezi zinhlanzi zinokuthula kuphela ngokwemvelo, kuvunyelwe ukuzigcina eduze nezinhlanzi ezingenalo ubudlova futhi zikhetha izimo zokuphila ezifanayo.

I-Loricaria, i-cichlids enokuthula, i-catfish ye-armored nama-plecostomuses afaneleka njengomakhelwane abanjalo. I-Anostomus ayivunyelwe ukuhlala nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinolaka noma ezihamba kancane, kanye nezinhlobo ezinamaphiko amade kakhulu.

Ukuzala kanye nenzalo

Njengoba isesimweni semvelo, ama-anostomuse azala njengenjwayelo, ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, futhi ezimeni zase-aquarium le nqubo idinga ukugqugquzelwa kwama-hormone ngama-gonadotropes. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa kwamanzi kufanele libe phakathi kuka-28 no-30 degrees. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukwenza inqubo yokuhlunga nokufaka umoya emanzini iphumelele.

Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Abesilisa kwabesifazane bangahlukaniswa kalula ngomzimba omncane kakhulu, kanti abesifazane banesisu esigcwele. Ngaphambi kwenqubo yokuzala, abesilisa bathola umthunzi ohluke kakhulu, ngokugqama kombala obomvu.

Lezi zinhlanzi zivuthwa ngokobulili lapho zineminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala. Insikazi izalela amaqanda angaphezu kuka-500, futhi ngemva kosuku, i-anostomus Fry ivela emaqandeni.

Ngemuva kokuzala, kungcono ukususa abazali ngokushesha. Ngosuku lwesibili noma lwesithathu, i-fry isivele ibhukuda mahhala futhi iqala ukufuna ukudla. Ngokudla kwabo, kusetshenziswa ukudla okukhethekile kokuqala, ngendlela "yothuli oluphilayo".

Zalisa izifo

I-Anostomus imelela isigaba sezinhlanzi zase-aquarium ezingenazo izinkinga futhi ezingavamile ukugula. Njengomthetho, noma yisiphi isifo singahlotshaniswa nokuphulwa kwemibandela yokuboshwa.

Lezi zinhlanzi, njengazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo ze-aquarium, zingagula ngokucosha noma yikuphi ukutheleleka, ukhunta, amagciwane, amagciwane, kanye nezifo ezihlaselayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinye zezinkinga zingase zihlotshaniswe nokuba khona kokulimala, ngokuphulwa kwebhalansi ye-hydrochemical yamanzi, kanye nokuba khona kobuthi emanzini.

Impendulo yomnikazi

Ama-aquarists anolwazi aluleka ukugcina i-Anostomus emaqenjini amancane abantu abadala abangu-6-7.

Njengomthetho, izinhlanzi ezisekholomu yamanzi zihamba ngokuthambekela okuthile, kodwa ngesikhathi sokuphakela zithatha kalula ukuma okuqondile. Lezi yizinhlanzi eziphila impilo esebenzayo. Bahlale bematasa ngokuthile. Ngokuyisisekelo, bamatasatasa bedla ulwelwe, oluzungezwe izakhi zokuhlobisa, amatshe, kanye nezindonga ze-aquarium.

Ekuphetheni

Ukugcina izinhlanzi ze-aquarium endlini yakho kuyibhizinisi le-amateur. Ngeshwa, akuwona wonke amafulethi angakwazi ukuhlalisa i-aquarium enamandla amalitha angama-500. Ngakho-ke, lena inkatho yalabo abanendawo enkulu yokuhlala, okungekho lula ukuyinikeza. Yibo abakwazi ukukhokhela ukugcinwa kwezinhlanzi ezikhula ngobude zifike kumasentimitha angu-100. Njengomthetho, ezimweni zamafulethi esimanje, kanye nasezimeni zamafulethi ombuso we-post-Soviet, babeka ama-aquariums anamandla angekho amalitha ayi-5, bese kuthi lezi zindawo zasemanzini sezibhekwa njengezinkulu. Emanzini anjalo, izinhlanzi ezincane zigcinwa, ezifika ku-XNUMX cm ubude, azisekho.

I-Anostomus iyizinhlanzi ezithakazelisa kakhulu, zombili ngombala nangokuziphatha, ngakho-ke kuthakazelisa kakhulu ukuzibuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-aquarium ihlelwe ukuze izinhlanzi zikhululeke futhi zizwe sengathi zisendaweni yemvelo. Lezi yizinhlanzi ezinokuthula ezihola impilo enokuthula, elinganiselwe, ezoba mnandi kakhulu emakhaya, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni.

Ukugcina izinhlanzi emanzini amakhulu kangaka kuyinjabulo ebiza kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuyinjabulo enzima, ngoba kuzodingeka ushintshe amanzi kanye ngesonto, futhi lokhu, emva kwakho konke, kufika ku-1 amalitha amanzi, okudingeka uwathathe kwenye indawo. Amanzi aphuma empompini awalungile, ngoba angcolile, futhi ane-bleach. Ukushintsha okunjalo kungabulala zonke izinhlanzi.

Kulokhu, singaphetha ngokuthi ukugcina izinhlanzi emanzini ekhaya, ikakhulukazi njenge-anostomuses, kuyibhizinisi elibizayo futhi elinzima, nakuba lokhu akuvimbi ama-aquarist wangempela.